Calculate slip in various mechanical and electrical applications. Select the type of slip calculation you need.
Slip is a measure of the difference between two speeds in a mechanical or electrical system. It's typically expressed as a percentage and indicates efficiency or performance.
| Application | Normal Slip Range |
|---|---|
| Induction Motors | 2-5% |
| Clutches (Engaged) | 0-2% |
| Belt Drives | 1-3% |
| Torque Converters | 5-10% (cruising) 30-100% (stall) |
In an induction motor, slip is the difference between the synchronous speed of the magnetic field and the actual rotor speed. It's essential for torque production in induction motors.
The synchronous speed (ns) is calculated as:
Where:
Motor slip percentage is calculated as:
Where:
Clutch slip occurs when there's a difference between the input (driving) and output (driven) shaft speeds. In a properly functioning clutch, slip should be minimal when fully engaged.
Clutch slip percentage is calculated as:
Belt slip occurs in belt drive systems when the belt doesn't transfer all the rotational motion from the driver pulley to the driven pulley. This can be due to insufficient tension, wear, or overloading.
The theoretical speed ratio without slip would be:
The actual speed ratio is:
Belt slip percentage is calculated as:
In automotive applications, torque converter slip is the difference between the engine speed (impeller) and the transmission input shaft speed (turbine).
Torque converter slip percentage is calculated as:
A higher slip percentage indicates more power is being converted to torque, but at the expense of efficiency.
Excessive slip can indicate inefficiency or problems in a mechanical system. Ways to reduce slip include: